Evasion

Evasion

 

Changelogs

 

“

▶️ Having trouble seeing straight? — Brewmaster

”

Evasion is mechanic that allows the unit to evade an incoming attack.

All Evasion effects trigger upon landing an attack. This is upon projectile impact and upon attack point for ranged and melee units respectively. Any attack or ability effects that relies on attacks to hit their targets do not trigger, including most attack modifiers and on-hit effects unless explicitly specified.

True Strike and Accuracy are mechanics that nullifies Evasion.

Definition

Mechanics	Definition	Attack Range Type		Examples
		Ranged	Melee
Evasion	Grants the affected unit a chance to evade an incoming attack. Stacks diminishingly with other evasion sources.	Upon projectile impact.	Upon attack point.	Butterfly
Melee Attack Buffer	If the attacked target of a melee unit is greater than the attack buffer range, the attack will 100% miss. Fully affects Instant Attack sources. Neither negated by True Strike nor Accuracy sources.	Not applicable.	Upon projectile impact.
Uphill Miss Chance	Affects Ranged projectiles of units without flying movement. These projectiles have a 25% chance to miss upon attacking if the attacker is at a lower terrain level as the target, regardless of vision. Stacks diminishingly with other evasion sources.	Upon projectile impact.	Not applicable.
Blind	Applies a debuff that causes affected units to have a chance to miss upon attacking. Stacks additively with other blind sources up to 100%. The total blind debuff multiplier stacks diminishingly with evasion sources.	Upon projectile impact.	Upon attack point.	Blinding Light
True Strike	Completely negates all evasion sources. Does not work when attacking buildings.			Astral Step
Accuracy	Applies a debuff that causes incoming attacks to ignore evasion sources on the affected unit. 100% accuracy prevents all incoming attacks from being missed. Non-100% accuracy sources are considered chance-based True Strike.	Upon projectile impact.	Upon attack point.	Soul Rend Monkey King Bar
All evasion sources use pseudo-random distribution.

Equations

All evasion, blind, and accuracy sources are determined by pseudo-random distribution.

Accuracy and Blind sources do not directly increase the attacked unit's evasion value, instead, they increase the effective evasion rate of the attacked unit for blind and lower it for accuracy. For effective evasion rate calculation purposes, multiple sources of evasion and accuracy stack diminishingly with each other respectively, while blind sources stack additively with each other and multiplicatively with evasion.

The total evasion displayed on the HUD is defined as: Total Evasion = 1 - $\prod_{i=1}^{n}$(1 - Evasion _i )

The total blind is defined as: Total Blind = $\sum_{i=1}^n$Blind _i

The total accuracy is defined as: Total Accuracy = 1 - $\prod_{i=1}^{n}$(1 - Accuracy _i )

• Incoming Attacks
  • Accuracy Sources or True Strike Sources proc
  • Evasion
    • Blind
  • Melee Buffer Range check
  • Attack Hits

Effective Evade Chance = (1 - (1 - Total Evasion) × (1 - Total Blind)) × (1 - Melee Buffer Range Miss)

Final Hit Chance = 1 - Effective Evade Chance × (1 - Total Accuracy)

The formula written above is color-coded in sections, where blue indicates the chance that accuracy does not proc, red indicates the total blind multiplier, and green for the evasion multiplier.

Miss

"Miss" appearing upon missing an attack,
"Evade" appearing upon getting missed.

Upon missing an attack on an enemy, a red floating text appears, reading MISS, visible to the attacking player only. The enemy, who was just missed by an attack, also sees a floating text, but in white and reading EVADE instead. Furthermore, a missed attack does not play any of the attack impact sounds.

Attack Range Type

Main Article: Attack Range

For melee units, if the target is farther than 350 range more than the melee unit's attack range, the attack 100% misses, True Strike does not guarantee hits on units outside of the buffer range.

For most melee heroes, the attack buffer range is defined as:
Total Melee Buffer Range = Unit Total Attack Range + Attacker Bound Radius + Target Bound Radius + 350

Uphill Miss Chance

For ranged units without Flying Movement, the uphill miss chance is conditionally applied upon a ranged attack projectile impact and not on the unit's attack point — it causes 25% of the ranged attacks to miss if the attacking unit is at a lower terrain level as the target, regardless of the terrain level difference. A unit is considered to be on higher elevated terrain when it is no longer visible to the player due to the terrain. When an enemy stands on a relatively higher ramp, uphill miss chance applies whether if the attacked unit is within vision or not.

This means moving up onto an elevated area after an attack projectile has been launched may cause the projectile to miss on impact to uphill miss chance, even when both units were on the same ground level as the projectile was launched.

Uphill miss chance is considered an evasion source, it does not apply to units and units with flying movement.

Cleave & Splash

Main Articles: Cleave and Splash

Sven cleaving through a creep wave.

Cleave causes the unit's attack to deal damage in a trapezoid in front of the attacking unit. The damage is based on the unit's total attack damage values. Cleave can only be used by melee units, ranged units cannot cleave by default.

Cleave does not affect the primary target, and it cannot miss when hitting secondary targets. However, a missed attack does not cleave. Splash is in some ways the ranged version of cleave. It works similarly as cleave, with the main difference being the damage is typically dealt in a circle around the attacked unit, instead of a trapezoid in front of the attacking unit.

Splash does not affect the primary target, and it cannot miss when hitting secondary targets. However, if an attack misses, no splash damage is applied within the radius. Splash damage works with attack modifiers the same way as cleave does.

Blind

Blind is a debuff that makes a unit miss upon attacking other units and sources of blind effects stack additively with each other, rendering an affected unit unable to land any attack. Although a combination of different blind sources can exceed 100%, for effective evasion rate calculation convenience, they can stack up to a maximum value of 100%.

Total Blind is defined as:

Total Blind = $\sum_{i=1}^n$Blind _i

Blind Sources

• Broodmother – Silken Bola
• Keeper of the Light – Blinding Light
• Nature's Prophet – Sprout¹
• Radiance – Burn
• Riki – Smoke Screen
• Sand King – Sand Storm¹
• Tinker – Laser
• Troll Warlord – Whirling Axes (Melee)

¹ Requires talent.

^2a Requires Aghanim's Scepter.

^2b Requires Aghanim's Shard.

Sources

The following sources grant evasion and are determined by pseudo-random distribution as long as their value is neither 0% nor 100%. Evasion causes a unit to evade attacks of all kinds, while disjointing only evades projectile-based attacks. Sources that grant 100% evasion still stack diminishingly with other evasion sources despite the evasion value being 100%. These sources are still subjected to Blind and Accuracy multipliers like regular evasion sources.

The total evasion displayed on the HUD is defined as:

Total Evasion = 1 - $\prod_{i=1}^{n}$(1 - Evasion _i )

100% Evasion Sources

• Arc Warden – Magnetic Field
• Gossamer Cape – Sixth Sense
• Windranger – Windrun

¹ Requires talent.

^2a Requires Aghanim's Scepter.

^2b Requires Aghanim's Shard.

Evasion Sources

• Evasion – 25% Uphill Miss Chance (Ranged Attacks)
• Brewmaster – Drunken Brawler (Storm Stance)
• Storm – Drunken Brawler¹
• Dawnbreaker – Solar Guardian^2a
• Hoodwink – Scurry
• Mirana – Moonlight Shadow¹
• Phantom Assassin – Blur
• Windranger – Windrun

¹ Requires talent.

^2a Requires Aghanim's Scepter.

^2b Requires Aghanim's Shard.

Items

The following items grants the wielder an evasion bonus.

Evasion Bonus from Items

Item	Value	Item Cost	Cost/Value Point
Aviana's Feather	25	N/A	N/A
Butterfly	35	5450	155.71
Elven Tunic	16	N/A	N/A
Heaven's Halberd	25	3550	142
Radiance	20	4700	235
Talisman of Evasion	20	1300	65
Trickster Cloak	17	N/A	N/A
Values do not include portions from actives or auras.

Talents

Evasion

Ability
Passive

Affects
Self

There is no description for this ability.

Evasion: Varies

• Grants the hero evasion.

• Stacks multiplicatively with other evasion sources.

• Has the following evasion values:
  • 8%/10%/12%/15%/16%/20%/25%/30%/40%/50%/75%

The following heroes have a talent that grants them evasion.

Bonus	Level 10		Level 15		Level 20		Level 25
	Left	Right	Left	Right	Left	Right	Left	Right
Evasion				+15%

Accuracy

Average DPS increase of Accuracy against Evasion up to 35%.

Accuracy is applied as a debuff on the affected target. It does not directly increase the attacked unit's evasion value. For calculation purposes, the accuracy multiplier can be considered as an evasion source as well.

Total Accuracy = 1 - $\prod_{i=1}^{n}$(1 - Accuracy _i )

True Strike sources can also be considered as outgoing accuracy.

Mechanics	Definition	Ability Examples
True Strike	The attacking unit's attack cannot be missed.	Walrus PUNCH!
Outgoing Accuracy	Chance-based conditional True Strike that procs on attack.	Pierce Fountain Damage
Incoming Accuracy	Applies a debuff that prevents incoming attacks on the affected unit from being missed.	Soul Rend

True Strike

True Strike prevents the unit's attacks from missing, negating both evasion and blind sources against any other units, including ward-type units and ally units, except attacks against buildings. However, it does not apply an Accuracy debuff on the attacked unit.

For ranged units, although True Strike prevents the unit's attack from missing, attack projectiles of ranged units with True Strike can still be disjointed. For melee units, it also prevents the attacking unit's attack from missing when the attacked target moves more than 350 range away upon its attack point.

All attacks against Runes and against destroyable items have True Strike.

True Strike Sources

• Dark Seer – Normal Punch
• Drow Ranger – Glacier
• Enchanted Quiver – Certain Strike
• Nyx Assassin – Vendetta
• Silver Edge – Shadow Walk
• Tusk – Walrus PUNCH!
• Revenant's Brooch – Phantom Province
• Lua error: Found no Cargo data for "Revenant's Brooch - Witch Blade".
• Witch Blade – Witch Blade
• Witch Doctor – Death Ward^2a
• Witch Doctor – Voodoo Switcheroo^2a

¹ Requires talent.

^2a Requires Aghanim's Scepter.

^2b Requires Aghanim's Shard.

Instant Attacks with True Strike

• Abaddon – Mist Coil^2b
• Clinkz – Burning Barrage
• Dawnbreaker – Starbreaker
• Mars – God's Rebuke
• Monkey King – Boundless Strike
• Pangolier – Swashbuckle
• Pangolier – Shield Crash^2a
• Phantom Assassin – Stifling Dagger
• Shadow Fiend – Shadowraze
• Tidehunter – Anchor Smash
• Tiny – Tree Throw
• Tiny – Tree Volley
• Void Spirit – Astral Step

¹ Requires talent.

^2a Requires Aghanim's Scepter.

^2b Requires Aghanim's Shard.

True Strike Talents

True Strike

Ability
Passive

Affects
Self

There is no description for this ability.

• Grants the hero's attack True Strike, so they cannot miss.

No hero has this talent.

Outgoing

Grants the attack that procs the following sources True Strike.

Proc Chance-based Outgoing Accuracy

• Drow Ranger - Marksmanship
  
  Proc Chance: 20%/30%/40% ( 32%/42%/52%)
  Attacks proccing Marksmanship cannot miss.
• Javelin - Pierce
  
  Proc Chance: 25%
  Attacks proccing Pierce cannot miss.
• Maelstrom - Chain Lightning
  
  Proc Chance: 25%
  Attacks proccing Chain Lightning cannot miss.
• Mjollnir - Chain Lightning
  
  Proc Chance: 25%
  Attacks proccing Chain Lightning cannot miss.
• Monkey King Bar - Pierce
  
  Proc Chance: 80%
  Attacks proccing Pierce cannot miss.

Percentage-based outgoing accuracy sources grant attacks a chance to not miss on the target.

Percentage-based Outgoing Accuracy

• Fountain - Fountain Damage
  
  Accuracy: 25%
  Attacks have a chance to not miss.
• Ancient Rumblehide - War Drums Aura
  
  Neutral Radius: 800
  Player Controlled Radius: 1200
  Accuracy: 40%/43%/46%/51%
  The effects are provided by an aura, which grants allies a chance to not miss on attacks.
• Witch Doctor - Death Ward
  
  Accuracy: 50%
  Attacks have a chance to not miss.
• Witch Doctor - Voodoo Switcheroo
  
  Same values and notes from Death Ward applies.

Incoming

Incoming Accuracy

• Bloodthorn – Soul Rend
• Meepo – Earthbind¹
• Observer Ward – Planted Ward
• Sentry Ward – Planted Ward

¹ Requires talent.

^2a Requires Aghanim's Scepter.

^2b Requires Aghanim's Shard.

Stacking

Multiple sources of evasion stack diminishingly with each other, while sources of blind effects stack additively with each other and multiplicatively with evasion.

All evasion and accuracy sources are determined by pseudo-random distribution.

A more concrete way of thinking about evasion stacking is that for an attack to bypass an evasion stack and hit, the attack should bypass each source of evasion in sequence. Only if all sources of evasion fail can the attack deal attack damage. Consider the chance to be hit, which is 1 - evade chance. A unit's chance to be hit is inversely proportional to its effective HP against attacks. Stacking multiple evasion sources is equivalent to multiplying their corresponding chance to hit. In this way, evasion's effectiveness can be understood to be stacking multiplicatively — while the actual chance to evade is diminishing, each source of evasion increases effective HP against physical attacks more than the last due to this multiplicative nature. This affects the following things:

• Applying a 50% evasion source while already having 35% evasion still doubles your effective hit points against physical attacks.
• Consequentially, a combination of evasion sources that are individually less than 100% is also less than 100%. There are currently a few abilities that grant 100% evasion (e.g. Magnetic Field and Windrun).

Example 1

Interactions between incoming attacks and Evasion.

Incoming attacks to hit Butterfly's wielder is 65%, because the item grants 35% evasion.

Arc Warden within the Magnetic Field radius has 100% evasion. Without any other evasion negating sources, all incoming attacks to hit Arc Warden are missed if the Self is within the radius.

Example 2a

Multiple evasion sources stack multiplicatively with diminishing returns with each other.

Evasion sources stacks diminishingly.

An enemy is attacking Phantom Assassin who has a Butterfly and

LEVEL 4

Blur. What are the chances of incoming attacks hitting Phantom Assassin?

Evasion sources:

Blur: 0.5

Butterfly: 0.35

Effective Evade Chance

= 1 - (1 - Total Evasion) × (1 - Total Blind)

= 1 - [1 - (1 - 0.5) × (1 - 0.35)] × (1 - 0)

= 0.675

Final Hit Chance

= 1 - Effective Evade Chance

= 1 - 0.675

= 0.325

Alternatively, Blur and Butterfly have the corresponding 0.5 and 0.65 chance to hit. Then the combined chance to hit is their product, showing a multiplicative stacking:

Final Hit Chance

= 0.5 × 0.65

= 0.325

Phantom Assassin in this example has 32.5% chance of getting hit by incoming attacks, because she has 67.5% evasion.

Example 2b

2 Blind sources stack additively with each other, there are no overlaps.

Blind sources are summed up, then it stacks multiplicatively with Evasion sources diminishingly as the unit's Effective Evade Chance.

Blind sources stack additively of itself, then stacks diminishingly with evasion sources.

An enemy attacking Phantom Assassin from the previous example is now affected by Burn and

LEVEL 4

Smoke Screen. What are the chances of incoming attacks hitting Phantom Assassin?

Phantom Assassin's Total Evasion: 0.675

Blind sources:

Burn: 0.15

Smoke Screen: 0.75

Effective Evade Chance

= [1 - (1 - Total Evasion) × (1 - Total Blind)]

= [1 - (1 - 0.675) × (1 - (0.15 + 0.75))]

= [1 - 0.325 × 0.1]

= 0.9675

Final Hit Chance

= 1 - Effective Evade Chance

= 1 - 0.9675

= 0.0325

Although Phantom Assassin's total evasion did not change, the blind applied to the enemy increases Phantom Assassin's effective evade chance to 96.75%. Therefore, Phantom Assassin has 3.25% chance of getting hit by incoming attacks.

Final Hit Chance

Stacking Evasion, Blind and Accuracy

Given a unit with an Effective Evade Chance and subjected to Total Accuracy as defined in the above sections, the final chance to hit Phantom Assassin in the previous example can be derived to be:

Final Hit Chance = Total Accuracy + (1 - Total Accuracy) × (1 - Effective Evade Chance)

An intuitive way to view this calculation — The attacking unit's attacks have a guaranteed chance to trigger True Strike based on the Total Accuracy value, whereas (1 - Total Accuracy) of the attacks that do not trigger True Strike will be subjected to the Effective Evade Chance.

Or alternatively, it can be simplified as:

Final Hit Chance = 1 - Effective Evade Chance × (1 - Total Accuracy)

This can also be interpreted as — Normally, Effective Evade Chance of the attacks will miss. But due to accuracy, only (1 - Total Accuracy) of these would-be-missed attacks actually miss since attacks based on the Total Accuracy value will hit the target due to True Strike.

Example 3

Accuracy overwrites over Effective Evade Chance.

The same enemy from the previous example is still affected by Burn and

LEVEL 4

Smoke Screen.

The enemy's Courier just delivered Monkey King Bar and continues to attack Phantom Assassin. What are the chances of incoming attacks hitting Phantom Assassin?

Phantom Assassin's Total Evasion: 0.675

Total Blind applied on the enemy: 0.9

Accuracy sources:

Pierce: 0.8

Effective Evade Chance

= [1 - (1 - Total Evasion) × (1 - Total Blind)]

= [1 - (1 - 0.675) × (1 - (0.15 + 0.75))]

= [1 - 0.325 × 0.1]

= 0.9675

Final Hit Chance

= Total Accuracy + (1 - Total Accuracy) × (1 - Effective Evade Chance)

= 0.8 + (1 - 0.8) × [1 - (1 - 0.675) × (1 - (0.15 + 0.75))]

= 0.8 + 0.2 × 0.0325

= 0.8065

The enemy's attacks have 80.65% chance to hit Phantom Assassin.

In this example with Monkey King Bar equipped, 80% of those attacks is guaranteed to hit due to True Strike. The remaining 20% of the attacks that do not have True Strike, have a 3.25% chance to hit Phantom Assassin.

Or alternatively,

Final Hit Chance

= 1 - Effective Evade Chance × (1 - Total Accuracy)

= 1 - 0.9675 × (1 - 0.8)

= 1 - 0.9675 × 0.2

= 1 - 0.1935

= 0.8065

The enemy's attacks against Phantom Assassin normally have 96.75% chance to miss.

However, 80% of those 96.75% attacks is guaranteed to hit due to True Strike. Therefore, only 19.35% of the attacks will miss, resulting in a 80.65% chance for attacks to hit Phantom Assassin.

Recent Changes

Main Article: Evasion/Changelogs

Version

Description

7.22e

• The following sources now uses pseudo-random distribution:
  • Uphill Miss Chance.
  • Blind Sources:
    • Incapacitating Bite
    • Blinding Light
    • Burn
    • Sand Storm
    • Smoke Screen
    • Whirling Axes (Melee)

7.20

• Shine no longer grants 40% outgoing accuracy against the affected target.
• Fountain Damage attacks now have 25% accuracy.

7.07

• The following sources now grant attacks True Strike upon proc:
  • Pierce
  • Pierce
• Increased Solar Crest outgoing accuracy from 35% to 40%.

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