Minimap

The minimap is a HUD element that represents the entire map on a smaller scale. It displays in real time the location and status of structures (green for Radiant and red for Dire) and the current location of all Heroes within sight range, as well as lane creeps, neutral creeps, and Roshan. Heroes in the minimap are usually represented by spheres with a pointy arrow (for allies) or a cross (for enemies). These spheres and crosses are colored based on the player color, like his name. This can be changed to green (allies) and red (enemies) using a console command. By holding Alt, you can change these icons so they display a small image of the Hero they represent, this feature can also be made permanent in the Options menu. While in the game, the minimap also displays sight range and fog of war for your whole team.

Pinging
Holding down Alt and clicking on the minimap will "ping" all allied players. A colored circle with an exclamation point will appear at the location pinged, both on the minimap and on the main map. Also, a noise will sound. The pitch of the noise and the color of the circle correspond to the color of the player's name. If the ping is centered on an allied tower, a shield will be displayed there on the minimap. If the ping is centered on an opposing tower, a sword will be displayed there. If the ping is centered on a rune, then the the rune type will be shown in allied team chat.

Holding down Ctrl and Alt and clicking the minimap will perform a "cautionary ping" to all allied players. A colored circle appears similarly to the usual ping, but is marked with an "X" instead of an exclamation point and also makes a higher pitch sound.

Drawing
Holding down both Ctrl and the left mouse button while moving your cursor over the minimap will draw lines on the minimap. These lines can be seen by all allied players, and their color corresponds to the color of the player.

Console Commands
There are several console commands that can be used to modify the minimap in various ways to match an individual player's preferences. Some of the commonly used ones are shown below.