Movement Speed

Movement Speed (sometimes abbreviated as Move Speed) is the speed or distance at which a unit can move over a second.

The default movement speed limit is at on the low end, and  on the high end, which can be bypassed by only a few abilities. Only units capable of moving can have a movement speed. This means granting a non-mobile unit movement speed from movement speed bonus sources do not allow them to move still.

A unit's movement speed can be increased by abilities, items or talents granting either flat (e.g. ) or percentage-based values (e.g. ).

Total Movement Speed
Calculating the total movement speed of a unit involves using a few values and a multiplier.

Set Movement Speed overrides the unit's original base movement speed, the value is still fully affected by flat and percentage-based movement speed changes within the movement speed limits. If the set value is absolute, the absolute value is now the unit's Total Movement Speed.

Absolute Movement Speed can only be overridden by Haste sources.

Flat movement speed bonuses from items, abilities, and talents stack independently of each other on the unit's base movement speed with restrictions, percentage-based bonuses and reductions are summed up, then applied to the unit's base movement speed as a multiplier.

All movement speed modifying sources may not exceed the minimum and maximum movement speed limits, unless either the limits are modified by min movement speed sources or max movement speed unlocking sources. For example, in cases where the minimum movement speed is higher than the absolute movement speed value, the absolute value can only set the movement speed to the new minimum movement speed value of the unit.

The total movement speed displayed on the HUD is calculated using a few variables and multipliers and can be defined as:


 * Total Movement Speed
 * = Set Move Speed Value
 * = Absolute Move Speed Value
 * = Haste Value, when Haste > Min Move Speed; else Min Move Speed Value = Base Move Speed Value
 * = Base Move Speed Value
 * ± Flat Bonuses/Reductions (with Stacking Restrictions)
 * × Move Speed Multiplier

Equations
Total Move Speed = (Base + MAX(-based) + Flat Changes) × Move Speed Multiplier

Move Speed Multipler = 1 + Percentage-Based Changes i + MAX(-%based)

Move Speed Range ⇒ &#123;  ≤ x ≤  &#125;

Stacking
Both flat and percentage-based movement speed bonuses, except percentage-based from abilities, have stacking restrictions and are separated into 4 groups. The flat movement speed bonuses from the same group do not stack with each other, with the one with a higher value taking priority. However, flat movement speed bonus sources from different groups stack independently of each other.


 * Group 1: -based items.
 * Group 2: -based items.
 * Group 3: itself.
 * Group 4: Miscellaneous — Sources that do not belong to any of the first 3 groups fully stack with each other, with multiple of themselves, and with other item bonuses, including.


 * Example 1a
 * Within the Movement Speed Limits
 * While with level 4 active and affected by a level 4,  has , a  and . What is her current movement speed?


 * Flat Movement Speed Values
 * Base Move Speed:


 * Movement Speed Multiplier


 * Total Movement Speed

has  movement speed from abilities and items in this example, but it gets capped at, so long she is not affected by anything that unlocks maximum movement speed.


 * Example 1b
 * Movement Speed Limits is Applied After All Calculations
 * initiates and casts a level 3, and the same from the previous example is affected. What is her current movement speed?


 * Movement Speed Multiplier


 * Total Movement Speed
 * = ( + + ) * (1 +  +  +  -  )

now has a movement speed of  in this example, which again gets capped at. Therefore, the movement speed limits are only applied after the total movement speed calculations.

Set Movement Speed
Set Movement Speed sets a unit's total movement speed to a fixed value for the duration. The units are still fully affected by flat and percentage-based movement speed changes. The movement speed is still bound to the minimum and maximum movement speed limits. If a unit is affected by multiple abilities in this list, the lowest value takes priority.

The following abilities are able to override a unit's base movement speed, setting it at a certain value.

Absolute Movement Speed

 * Total Movement Speed
 * = Set Move Speed Value
 * = Absolute Move Speed Value
 * = Haste Value, when Haste > Min Move Speed; else Min Move Speed Value = Base Move Speed Value

The following sources set a unit's movement speed to an absolute value. No other values can change them, except for in cases where the min movement speed is higher than the absolute movement speed value, the absolute value can only set the movement speed to the new minimum movement speed value of the unit, this also includes all haste sources unless explicitly stated.

Base Movement Speed
Every unit capable of moving has a base movement speed value. This value is fixed, and can only be altered by set movement speed sources.

Heroes
The following list shows the base movement speed of all heroes, and their movement speeds with any -based items. Does not include the innate nighttime movement speed bonus.

Movement Speed Limits
By default, the lower limit for movement speed is at, while the upper limit lies at. These values are the same for all units and cannot be exceeded by flat or percentage movement speed bonuses or reductions. Base movement speed changes cannot exceed these either.

Minimum Movement Speed
The following abilities are able to change a unit's minimum movement speed, preventing it from ever being lower than the set value. If a unit is affected by multiple abilities that change the minimum value, the higher value takes priority.

Maximum Movement Speed
The following abilities are able to change a unit's maximum movement speed (of ), allowing it to reach even higher values. If a unit is affected by multiple abilities that change the maximum value, the higher value takes priority.

Haste
Hastes increase a unit's minimum and maximum movement speed to a specific value. Hasted units cannot be slowed below the hasted value.

Flat Changes
These abilities increase or decrease a unit's movement speed by a constant value.
 * These bonuses and reductions can not exceed the minimum and maximum movement speed limits.
 * These are applied before percentage-based movement speed bonuses and reductions.


 * Flat Bonus Sources


 * Flat Reduction Sources

Flat Bonus Item Sources
These items passively grant the wielder a flat movement speed bonus.

Nighttime Bonus
All units now gain a flat movement speed bonus during the night. Heroes, including illusions, clones, and creep-heroes, gain movement speed. This bonus is a flat movement speed bonus, it is not part of the base movement speed. The bonus is also granted during artificial nights created by abilities.

However, this bonus is lost for seconds upon performing an attack. The attack does not need to land, so it does not matter if the attack misses or not. For ranged heroes, this is on projectile launch, not impact. The bonus is also lost upon taking player-based damage, regardless of factions, or damage from or the. Only reacts on damage greater than 0 (after reductions), and also reacts on damage flagged as HP Removal.

Percentage-Based Changes
Percentage Movement Speed Changes can not exceed the minimum and maximum movement speed limits and are applied after flat movement speed bonuses and reductions. There are stacking restrictions for items, but no restrictions on stacking percentage movement speed bonus from abilities.

Percentage-Based Item Sources
These items passively grant the wielder a flat movement speed bonus.

Move Commands
There are several different orders which make the unit move.

The default move command is bound to mouseright or M, it can also be bound to a hotkey. Targeting the ground with this command makes the unit move to that point, or until unable to get closer to the point (i.e. the target is out of reach). During a move command, the unit does not automatically attack enemies on the way.

The follow command is merged in with the default M move command and is executed with the same keys. To follow a unit, the move command has to be targeted at the desired unit to follow. Targeting an allied unit with the move command makes the unit follow the allied unit, until a new order is given or until the targeted unit dies.

The follow range for most units is 100, meaning a unit ordered to follow another unit attempts to stay within the 100 range of the targeted unit.

Patrol
The patrol command makes the unit move back and forth between its starting location and the targeted point until it is given another order. A unit can be given multiple points to patrol. When doing so, the unit moves to the targeted points in the same order in which they were given. Upon reaching the last point, it moves back in reversed order. Just like the move command, the unit will automatically attack enemies it crosses while patrolling.

The default hotkey for the Patrol Command is blank.

Attack-Move Command
The default Attack-Move command is bound to A, it can also be bound to a hotkey.

Identical to the move command, with the difference being the ordered unit attacking any enemy they cross while moving. This order can be given by giving an attack order on the ground. To do this, the attack hotkey must be used. If the unit crosses no enemies during an attack move order, it essentially acts as a move order. When an enemy gets within the unit's acquisition range, it goes towards that enemy and attacks it. If the target can no longer be attacked for any reason (upon death, becomes ethereal or invulnerable, turns invisible or loss of sight over target), the unit resumes moving towards the targeted point, continuing from its current location. It does not trace its way back to where it left the path to attack an enemy.

Recent Changes
Скорость передвижения 移动速度