Creep control techniques

Last-hitting
Last-hitting is a technique where you (or a creep under your control) get the 'last hit' on a neutral creep, enemy lane creep, or enemy Hero. This is the only way to get gold from creeps apart from Hand of Midas, Devour or Demonic Conversion, and gives much more gold than otherwise when done to towers or Heroes.

Creeps are your 'safest' bet on using last hits to gain a good chunk of gold. This is the primary source of gold in Dota 2. It is always desirable to get a last hit on a creep, although when laning with a partner it is often polite to give them some last hits, and is quite important when they are a carry. Supports should focus on harassing enemy Heroes and denying your own creeps.

Auto-attacking refers to the usually less desirable technique of simply letting your Hero attack at will. Since this rarely results in getting the last hit, this has very few benefits. In the late game, however, Heroes often do enough damage to simply auto-attack and still gain all the last-hits. Auto-attacking can be useful in any case if you wish to push a lane forwards, since it kills enemy creeps faster. This is especially useful for killing towers. In the early game, however, pushing towards an enemy tower is considered dangerous, as it leaves you far from your own towers and makes it much easier for enemies to gank you.

Heroes also give gold when you kill them. Everyone who did damage to an enemy Hero within 15 seconds of their death gets an assist. If you were the Hero who delivered the last hit you will get the kill and the bonus gold for it. If your tower or one of your team's creeps gets the last hit on an enemy Hero, the gold is split between all Heroes who got an assist. If only one Hero hit the enemy before your tower or creep killed them, that Hero gets the credit (and the gold) for the kill. If no allied Heroes assisted in the kill, the gold is split evenly among all five Heroes on your team.

Towers give, on top of the normal global gold your team gets, the one who last-hits the tower a chunk of bonus gold but that if an allied creep gets the last hit on the tower the gold will be distributed between the players.

Denying
Denying is preventing enemy Heroes from getting the last hit by getting the last hit yourself. This denies your enemy the gold and some experience from the kill. You can start denying creeps when they are under 50%health.


 * A denied creep divides 18 exp to enemy heroes within experience range. A melee creep would normally give 62 exp, and a ranged creep would normally give 41 exp.


 * Enemy melee heroes gain double of whatever their share of the denial experience is.

Heroes can also sometimes be denied. Most Heroes can only deny a friendly Hero by attacking them manually. Allied Heroes can only be denied when they are under certain sources of damage-over-time. Always consider this option, but be careful as you don't want to deny an ally that can escape. Denying a Hero will prevent the enemy from gaining any experience or gold from the kill, but your ally will still lose gold upon death.

The abilities that let a Hero be denied are: Pudge and Alchemist are able to deny themselves using their Rot and Unstable Concoction abilities, respectively. Bane's Nightmare can also be used to self deny, by casting it on himself.
 * Doom Bringer's Doom
 * Queen of Pain's Shadow Strike
 * Venomancer's Venomous Gale
 * Bane's Nightmare
 * Bloodseeker's Bloodrage

Another way of denying yourself is by running into a neutral camp (or Roshan's pit) at low health, and letting them kill you. This will prevent enemy heroes from getting gold from killing you. It is not technically a deny, however, so they will still get experience from it.

Towers can also be denied as soon as they are under 10% health. Enemy Heroes will gain far less gold from a denied tower. It is nearly always beneficial to deny a friendly tower if at all possible and as soon as possible. In some cases it can even be worth the death of a single allied Hero, since it prevents the entire enemy team from gaining gold, although generally it is not.

Attack animations and missile speeds
Shorter attack animations (on all Heroes) and faster missile speeds (on ranged Heroes) make last-hitting easier.

Equilibrium
It is important to not push your lane too much, but try to keep the lane creeps fighting in approximately the middle of the lane so you never are too far from the safety of your tower. Creep equilibrium is generally maintained by balancing last-hitting and denying, and on occasions attacking your own creeps before the deny point or attacking the enemy creeps to push. This technique is also known as static farming. Creep pulling can also help maintain equilibrium.

This is always situational though being pushed might be a bit safer but if the enemy lane is able to slowly chip away at your tower you should push harder. Also access to the side shops might be hinderance on occasions.

Creep Blocking
Creep Blocking is a tactic that makes the equilibrium of the lane lean towards your side. This is accomplished by physically blocking your creeps' path with your hero so they take longer to reach the middle of the lane. Since your creeps move more slowly, they will meet closer to your tower, making it safer for you to farm, and more risky for the enemy.

Pushing
Pushing is the act of damaging enemy creeps through auto-attacks or through abilities. Pushing is used to move the creepwave towards the enemy tower, or simply away from the allied towers. Late-game, pushing is used to move creepwaves towards the enemy base to win the game.

Some heroes have abilities that facilitate expedient pushing, such as Leshrac's Lightning Storm, or Pugna's Nether Blast, which damage multiple creeps.

Roles and last-hitting
Depending on your role in your team you should focus on different things.

Carries should focus most of their attention on getting last hits (without losing track of their surroundings and missing enemies of course).

Supports should focus less on last-hitting especially if they are laning with a carry. Then they should focus on denying creeps and harassing enemy Heroes so that their carries can last hit without being harassed. There are always last hits carries will never be able to get (melee versus ranged), so supports need not forgo all last hits.

Supports can also creep stack to help their carry farm.